Sahawatthanakit (1988) Co., Ltd.
SAHAWATTHANAKIT(1988) · Make It Smart
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Insights & Industry Knowledge

Articles, news, and technical insights on construction materials, pallet racking, lubricants, and Thai industrial standards — sourced and cited from trusted references.

All (137)Lubricants, Coolants, Cutting Fluids & Food-Grade (19)Rust Prevention & Anodes (15)Industrial Paint & Coatings (14)Refrigerants (18)Warehouse Racking (12)Welding Blankets & Insulation (8)Solar (14)Engineering Services (19)
A technician scanning a coated steel tank surface with a high-voltage spark holiday detector

Holiday / Pinhole Detection in Coatings — Wet Sponge vs High-Voltage Spark per NACE/AMPP SP0188 & ASTM D5162

A guide to detecting holidays/pinholes (invisible discontinuities) in protective coating films: choosing low-voltage wet sponge (thin film < 500 µm) vs high-voltage spark/DC (thick film > 500 µm) per NACE/AMPP SP0188, SP0490 and ASTM D5162 — setting voltage by DFT (too low misses holidays, too high burns the film), which work requires it (tanks/pipes/immersion/marine), mark-repair-retest, and what a TOR must specify.

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A certified coating inspector examining the paint film on an industrial steel tank

Coating Inspectors: NACE/AMPP CIP vs FROSIO — Who Needs Certification, Levels 1/2/3, and TOR Requirements

A comparison of the two main coating-inspector certification schemes: NACE/AMPP CIP (Coating Inspector Program — Levels 1/2/3, after NACE merged into AMPP in 2021) vs FROSIO (the Norwegian scheme — competence levels I/II/III) — what each level can do, which projects need which level, recognition in Thailand and abroad, and what a TOR must specify (level, independence, hold points, reporting) so coating work can actually be accepted.

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A technician measuring steel surface temperature and humidity with a dew point meter before applying protective coating

Coating Application Conditions — The 'Surface ≥ Dew Point + 3°C' Rule, RH < 85% per ISO 8502-4 & ISO 12944-7

A guide to environmental conditions during protective-coating application: steel surface must be at least 3°C above the dew point, relative humidity RH < 85% (per the TDS), surface temperature within the product's range — how to measure the 4 readings (air temp, RH, dew point, surface temp) per ISO 8502-4 and ISO 12944-7, why painting in humid/near-dew-point conditions causes peeling/blistering/flash rust, and what a TOR must specify for Thailand's humid climate.

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Protective coating application on structural steel per ISO 12944 in industrial work

ISO 12944 Protective Paint Systems for Steel — Selecting Corrosivity C2–CX, Durability, and Primer/Intermediate/Topcoat for Thailand

How to select a protective coating system for steel structures per ISO 12944: corrosivity categories C1–C5/CX (2017/2018 revision), durability ranges L/M/H/VH, matching zinc-rich primer + epoxy MIO + PU topcoat systems to dry film thickness (DFT) per category, mapping to Thai environments (urban plants vs coastal Map Ta Phut/Laem Chabang), and the spec mistakes TOR writers make most.

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Inspector measuring dry film thickness DFT with a gauge on coated steel

Inspecting & Accepting Industrial Coating Work — DFT per ISO 19840 / SSPC-PA 2, the 80-20 Rule, Adhesion and Holiday

A guide to coating inspection and acceptance: measuring dry film thickness (DFT) per ISO 2808, acceptance criteria of ISO 19840 (mean ≥ NDFT, every reading ≥ 80%, the 80-20 rule) vs SSPC-PA 2 (gauge → spot → area, 80-120%), pull-off adhesion per ISO 4624, holiday/pinhole detection per NACE/ASTM, degradation rating per ISO 4628, and what to put in a TOR so coating work can actually be accepted.

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