Recovery vs Recycle vs Reclaim
จัดการน้ำยาแอร์ใช้แล้วถูกกฎ + คุ้ม

**Three levels of used-refrigerant handling** per EPA Section 608 — differ by post-processing purity: • **Recovery** — extract refrigerant from system into a recovery cylinder (DOT-39 or DOT-4BW) **without any cleaning**. Uses a recovery machine (Yellow Jacket / CPS / Inficon) pulling vacuum to 250-1,000 microns. **Output = refrigerant mixed with contaminants** — must be reclaimed before reuse • **Recycle** — on-site processing through filter-drier + oil separator + acid scavenger. **Partial cleaning** (reduces moisture, removes particulates, separates compressor oil) but **does NOT meet AHRI 700 spec**. **Same-system reuse only** — cannot resell or use in new systems • **Reclaim** — sent to an EPA-certified reclamation facility for multi-step distillation + chemical filtration. **Passes every AHRI 700 spec metric** (purity ≥ 99.5% + moisture ≤ 10 ppm + acid ≤ 1 ppm + non-condensables ≤ 1.5%). **Equivalent to virgin refrigerant** — can be resold and used in new systems **EPA + Thai TIS 3008 rules:** Every refrigerant removed from old equipment must be recovered (venting to atmosphere = illegal) → can recycle for same-system reuse, but resale/new-system use requires reclaim

**AHRI Standard 700 (2019)** = Air-Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration Institute spec for refrigerant purity. **Sets minimum quality** allowed on market: • **Air (non-condensables)** ≤ 1.5% by volume (in vapor phase at 25°C) • **Water** ≤ 10 ppm by mass • **Acidity** ≤ 1 ppm by mass (as HCl equivalent) • **High-boiling residue** ≤ 0.01% by volume • **Particulates** — none visible at 50× magnification • **Other refrigerants (cross-contamination)** ≤ 0.5% by mass **Enforcement:** EPA Section 608 (USA) uses AHRI 700 as the benchmark for reclaim certification. Thailand's TIS 3008-2562 (HFC quality spec) cites every AHRI 700 parameter. **If refrigerant fails AHRI 700** → compressor damage, lower efficiency, system trips, warranty void

**Savings 30-60% per kg** depending on refrigerant type and current market. Examples (May 2026): • **R-22 virgin** ฿1,800-2,200/kg (phase-out, prices rising) vs **R-22 reclaimed** ฿900-1,200/kg → save **45-50%** • **R-410A virgin** ฿800-980/kg vs **R-410A reclaimed** ฿480-650/kg → save **35-40%** • **R-134a virgin** ฿520-680/kg vs **R-134a reclaimed** ฿320-450/kg → save **30-38%** • **R-32 virgin** ฿650-820/kg — **reclaimed market still limited** (R-32 newer, virgin supply still ample) **ROI for 1,000-ton cooling factory (~500 kg refrigerant charge):** • Service maintenance over 5 yrs = ~150 kg cumulative removed • Using reclaim saves ~฿180,000-280,000 vs virgin • Reclaim service cost ~฿200-350/kg (pickup + EPA-cert lab + return) **Bonus benefits:** lower carbon footprint + ESG/CSR reporting + reduced virgin demand (matters to ESG investors 2025+)

**Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol (2019)** — Thailand signed onto HFC phase-down (R-410A, R-134a, R-32): • **2024:** baseline ~125 million tons CO₂e/yr • **2029:** reduce 10% from baseline (-12.5 MtCO₂e) • **2035:** reduce 30% • **2040:** reduce 50% • **2045:** reduce 80% **TIS 3008-2562 (Thai HFC quality standard for air conditioning)** mandates: 1. Every HFC sold in Thailand must have a COA per AHRI 700 — off-spec sales prohibited 2. **Reclamation infrastructure** — Department of Industrial Works (DIW) licenses registered reclamation facilities (~12 active in Thailand as of May 2026) 3. **Reporting** — facilities using HFC > 200 kg/yr must report annual usage to DIW + Pollution Control Department **Price impact:** Kigali phase-down drives HFC prices up 15-30% every 2-3 years (quota cuts) → **reclaim ROI improves yearly**. HFOs (R-1234yf, R-1234ze) cost 4-6× more but aren't covered by Kigali → premium choice for new systems

Saha is a **refrigerant distributor + service partner** for recovery + reclaim: • **Saha role:** supply recovery cylinders (DOT-39 new/refurbished), sell recovery machines (Yellow Jacket / CPS / Inficon), **coordinate sending recovered refrigerant to a DIW-certified reclamation facility** (Thai HVAC industry partner) • **Process:** Saha picks up cylinders from site → routes to reclamation facility (Bangkok/Rayong) → AHRI 700 reclaim → COA issued → returned to customer + invoice the differential (virgin price minus reclaim service) • **Lead time:** 7-14 days depending on refrigerant type + cylinder size + facility queue • **Cost saving:** customer pays ~฿200-350/kg service → receives AHRI 700 reclaim back, saving 30-60% vs new purchase • **Documentation:** Saha provides full paperwork — recovery cert + transfer manifest + reclamation COA + DIW reporting form (where required) **Quote request:** specify HVAC system (tonnage + refrigerant type + kg to recover) + frequency (one-time / quarterly / annual contract) → process + cost + lead time + COA warranty within 48 h.