Mono vs Poly vs Thin-Film
เลือกแผงโซลาร์ให้คุ้มและถูกสเปก

Mono-PERC (Monocrystalline Passivated Emitter Rear Contact) costs 10-15% more than Poly, but: • **Efficiency** 20-22.8% vs Poly 16-18% → produces +15-25% more energy per same roof area • **Same service life** 25 years (per IEC 61215 long-term reliability) — power warranty 80%+ at year 25 • **Roof area saved** 1,000 m² roof fits ~250 kWp mono vs ~190 kWp poly • **ROI break-even** roughly equal at 5-7 years (higher ฿/Wp but more generation averages out) • **Thailand market May 2026:** mono Tier-1 ฿11-14/Wp, poly ฿9-11/Wp, thin-film CIGS ฿14-18/Wp **For roof-constrained factories — mono always wins**. For 100+ MW open-land solar farms — poly may be more cost-effective (check full system price + certifications)

**Tier-1 BloombergNEF (BNEF)** = panel manufacturer bankability rating — has 6+ financing transactions in the last 24 months with non-recourse loans from global banks. It measures **company survivability** to honor 25-year warranties, NOT product quality directly. • **Current Tier-1 (Q1 2026):** LONGi, Trina Solar, JA Solar, JinkoSolar, Canadian Solar, Risen, Astronergy, Hanwha Q CELLS, REC, First Solar (thin-film) • **Thai government TORs** (EGAT/MEA solar farm) typically mandate latest Tier-1 BNEF list + 25-year (power) + 12-year (product) warranty • **Private/residential projects** — Tier-2 acceptable if local distributor has 5+ year track record + warranty backed by importer **Tier-1 downside:** 15-30% higher price. **Tier-2 downside:** company may close before year 25 → warranty void

Thin-film has niche strengths — but it's not the default for typical factory installs: • **Better temperature coefficient** -0.25%/°C vs mono -0.35%/°C → loses less power at 50°C. Good for hot climates (Phuket / Pattaya) • **Better low-light performance** captures +10-15% more in morning/evening/cloudy conditions vs mono • **Lighter** 12-15 kg/m² vs mono 18-22 kg/m² → fits weak/old roofs • **Aesthetic** uniform black with no grid lines — suits commercial facades • **First Solar CdTe** is the only Tier-1 thin-film with active Thai market presence **Main downsides:** lower efficiency 13-19% → needs +30-50% more area than mono. Higher ฿/Wp. Few Thai installers → limited service network. **Use thin-film when:** roof can't bear weight, architect mandates uniform black, or extreme continuous heat

Roof area depends on panel efficiency, tilt, and row spacing: • **Mono-PERC 550W (M10 series)** — ~2.3 m²/panel, 100 kWp needs ~182 panels = ~420 m² gross (with 30% spacing → ~545 m² roof) • **Poly 330W** — ~2.0 m²/panel, 100 kWp needs ~303 panels = ~605 m² gross (with spacing → ~785 m²) • **Thin-film CIGS 110W** — ~1.2 m²/panel, 100 kWp needs ~909 panels = ~1,090 m² gross (with spacing → ~1,420 m²) **Roof savings:** mono saves ~30% vs poly, ~60% vs thin-film **For a 1,000 m² factory roof** — fits ~180-200 kWp mono, ~125-140 kWp poly, ~70-80 kWp thin-film **MEA/PEA approval:** systems up to 100 kWp qualify for Net Energy Metering 2026 (NEM 1:1) — export to MEA/PEA at ฿4.20-4.42/kWh during peak hours (Mon-Fri 09:00-22:00)

Saha handles end-to-end solar — EPC + O&M via a partner with a 5+ year working relationship: • **Saha role:** system design (string layout + inverter sizing + cable spec) + panel supply (Trina/JA/LONGi Tier-1 BNEF) + MEA/PEA approval paperwork + warranty consolidation • **EPC partner (Khun Phet)** — physical installation + structural support + electrical work + commissioning (TIS 2580 + IEC 61215 + IEC 61730 compliance) • **O&M** — quarterly inspection: Pmax + IV curve + thermal scan + cleaning (guaranteed performance ratio ≥ 80% year 1, ≥ 75% year 10) • **Reference install:** Amata Chonburi factory roof — 250 kWp Trina Mono-PERC 545W + 3× Sungrow 100 kW inverter, operating 2 years at PR 81.4% **Quote:** provide roof area (m²) + average bill (฿/month) + transformer rating (kVA) → receive 3-brand comparison + turn-key EPC price + ROI calculator (5-7 years) free within 48 h.